We mentioned before about the \(+ c\) term. We are now going to look at how to find the value of \(c\) when additional information is given in the question.

When integrating simple expressions, the constant of integration, the \(+ c\) term, may remain an unknown. The value of \(c\) can be worked out when additional information is given in the question, .

In a previous blog entry I demonstrated the use of PID techniques, but a PID is not the only structure of a compensator. The nice thing about a PID is that once you have an implementation of the code, ...