Systematic methodology is the key to quickly and effectively troubleshooting control circuits. Even the most experienced troubleshooter must rely on a systematic troubleshooting process to solve ...

In this chapter, I will present a few useful “cookbook” applications for real-time control circuits designed to perform some specific low-level task and interface with a master controller for ...

When you get the call, “The motor won’t start,” you’d best have a logical and systematic plan in place to approach the problem. “Easter egging” just doesn’t work unless you happen to be very lucky!

The Machine Primary Control Elements (MPCE) 1 and 2 are typically a relay with force guided contacts. When a safety interlock, light curtain, or e-stop switch opens a circuit, the MPCE NO contacts ...

Higher Capabilities for Safety-Rated Control Circuits A truly reliable safety control system must work even when some parts fail. Force-guided relays are unseen components that add another level of ...